Crude oil is one of the most significant natural resources, requiring refinement after extraction to be transformed into usable products. Oil refining is a complex process that involves several stages: distillation, cracking, catalytic reforming, and finishing processes.
The first stage, crude oil distillation, is conducted in refineries. In this stage, crude oil is separated into various components, such as gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and asphalt, using heat. The cracking stage breaks larger molecules into smaller ones to produce lighter fuels. Catalytic reforming is essential to increase the quality and quantity of fuels.
Every refinery is equipped with modern facilities and technologies to improve efficiency and minimize environmental impact. With technological advancements, methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and recycling oil waste have been introduced.
